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linux:grundkonfiguration
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linux:grundkonfiguration [2013-06-01 21:02] stefan |
linux:grundkonfiguration [2014-04-05 11:42] |
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| - | ====== Grundkonfiguration des Systems ====== | ||
| - | ===== Verschiedenes ===== | ||
| - | * Alle Pakete updaten | ||
| - | * <code bash>apt-get update | ||
| - | apt-get -u -o APT::Force-LoopBreak=true upgrade</code> | ||
| - | * ''~/bin'' anlegen für eigene Scripts | ||
| - | * Nützliche Pakete | ||
| - | * <code bash>apt-get install bzip2 unzip less patch traceroute ssh vim locate dnsutils host telnet lynx wget make</code> | ||
| - | * Zeiten für automatische Scripts in ''/etc/crontab'' anpassen | ||
| - | ===== Tipps ===== | ||
| - | * If you just typed in a really long, complicated command and managed to mess it up, you can use fc (fix command) to load said command in your default editor. | ||
| - | * Ctrl + A – jump to the beginning of the line | ||
| - | * Ctrl + E – jump to the end of the line | ||
| - | * Ctrl + U – clear the line | ||
| - | * Ctrl + L – clear the screen | ||
| - | * Ctrl + W – delete last word | ||
| - | * Ctrl + K – delete to the end of the line | ||
| - | * Alt + T – swap current word with previous (also Esc, T) | ||
| - | * Alt + F – jump one word forward (also Esc, F) | ||
| - | * Alt + B – jump one word backward (also Esc, B) | ||
| - | * Alt + U – uppercase till the end of line (also Esc, U) | ||
| - | * Alt + u – lowercase till the end of line (also Esc, u) | ||
| - | * Alt +. – insert last argument (also Esc, .) | ||
| - | * Ctrl + R – reverse incremental history search | ||
| - | * Ctrl + X, Ctrl + E – open default text editor to edit a command | ||
| - | |||
| - | ===== ~/.bashrc ===== | ||
| - | <code bash>export PS1='\u:\w\$ ' # Prompt anpassen | ||
| - | export PATH=${PATH}:~/bin # eigene Scripts in den PATH | ||
| - | |||
| - | umask 022 | ||
| - | |||
| - | export LS_OPTIONS='--color=auto' # 'ls' Ausgabe farbig machen | ||
| - | eval "`dircolors`" | ||
| - | alias ls='ls $LS_OPTIONS' | ||
| - | alias ll='ls $LS_OPTIONS -l' | ||
| - | alias l='ls $LS_OPTIONS -lA' | ||
| - | |||
| - | alias vi='vim' # immer vim nutzen | ||
| - | alias cdsrc='cd /usr/local/src' | ||
| - | |||
| - | bash -c "echo -ne '\033]0;`hostname`\007'" # send hostname to PuTTY | ||
| - | |||
| - | # save all the histories | ||
| - | export HISTFILESIZE = 1000000 | ||
| - | export HISTSIZE = 1000000 | ||
| - | |||
| - | # don't put duplicate lines or empty spaces in the history | ||
| - | export HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth | ||
| - | # combine multiline commands in history | ||
| - | shopt -s cmdhist | ||
| - | # merge session histories | ||
| - | shopt -s histappend | ||
| - | |||
| - | # enable colors | ||
| - | eval "`dircolors -b`" | ||
| - | # force ls to always use color and type indicators | ||
| - | alias ls ='ls -hF --color=auto' | ||
| - | # make the dir command work kinda like in windows (long format) | ||
| - | alias dir ='ls --color=auto --format =long' | ||
| - | # make grep highlight results using color | ||
| - | export GREP_OPTIONS ='--color=auto' | ||
| - | # colorful man pages | ||
| - | export LESS_TERMCAP_mb=$'\E[01;31m' | ||
| - | export LESS_TERMCAP_md=$'\E[01;31m' | ||
| - | export LESS_TERMCAP_me=$'\E[0m' | ||
| - | export LESS_TERMCAP_se=$'\E[0m' | ||
| - | # end the info box | ||
| - | export LESS_TERMCAP_so=$'\E[01;42;30m' | ||
| - | # begin the info box | ||
| - | export LESS_TERMCAP_ue=$'\E[0m' | ||
| - | export LESS_TERMCAP_us =$'\E[01;32m' | ||
| - | |||
| - | # use colordiff instead of diff if available | ||
| - | command -v colordiff >/dev/null 2 >&1 && alias diff="colordiff -u" | ||
| - | # use htop instead of top if installed | ||
| - | command -v htop >/dev/null 2 >&1 && alias top=htop | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | ===== Vim ===== | ||
| - | ==== ~/.vimrc ==== | ||
| - | <code>set wrap | ||
| - | set tabstop=4 | ||
| - | set shiftwidth=4 | ||
| - | set expandtab | ||
| - | set autoindent | ||
| - | set wildchar=<Tab> | ||
| - | set nonumber | ||
| - | set foldmethod=marker | ||
| - | set hidden | ||
| - | set wmh=0 | ||
| - | filetype on</code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | ==== /etc/vim/vimrc ==== | ||
| - | <code>" This line should not be removed as it ensures that various options are | ||
| - | " properly set to work with the Vim-related packages available in Debian. | ||
| - | runtime! debian.vim | ||
| - | |||
| - | syntax on | ||
| - | |||
| - | set autoindent " always set autoindenting on | ||
| - | set textwidth=0 " Don't wrap words by default | ||
| - | set nobackup " Don't keep a backup file | ||
| - | set viminfo='20,\"50 " read/write a .viminfo file, don't store more than 50 lines of registers | ||
| - | set history=50 " keep 50 lines of command line history | ||
| - | set ruler " show the cursor position all the time | ||
| - | set nopaste | ||
| - | set pastetoggle=<F2> | ||
| - | |||
| - | " Suffixes that get lower priority when doing tab completion for filenames. | ||
| - | " These are files we are not likely to want to edit or read. | ||
| - | set suffixes=.bak,~,.swp,.o,.info,.aux,.log,.dvi,.bbl,.blg,.brf,.cb,.ind,.idx,.ilg,.inx,.out,.toc | ||
| - | |||
| - | " If using a dark background within the editing area and syntax highlighting | ||
| - | " turn on this option as well | ||
| - | set background=dark | ||
| - | |||
| - | " Uncomment the following to have Vim jump to the last position when | ||
| - | " reopening a file | ||
| - | if has("autocmd") | ||
| - | au BufReadPost * if line("'\"") > 0 && line("'\"") <= line("$") | ||
| - | \| exe "normal g'\"" | endif | ||
| - | endif | ||
| - | |||
| - | " Uncomment the following to have Vim load indentation rules according to the | ||
| - | " detected filetype. Per default Debian Vim only load filetype specific | ||
| - | " plugins. | ||
| - | if has("autocmd") | ||
| - | filetype plugin on | ||
| - | filetype indent on | ||
| - | endif | ||
| - | |||
| - | " The following are commented out as they cause vim to behave a lot | ||
| - | " differently from regular Vi. They are highly recommended though. | ||
| - | set showcmd " Show (partial) command in status line. | ||
| - | set showmatch " Show matching brackets. | ||
| - | set ignorecase " Do case insensitive matching | ||
| - | "set smartcase " Do smart case matching | ||
| - | set incsearch " Incremental search | ||
| - | set autowrite " Automatically save before commands like :next and :make | ||
| - | "set hidden " Hide buffers when they are abandoned | ||
| - | "set mouse=a " Enable mouse usage (all modes) in terminals | ||
| - | set hlsearch | ||
| - | |||
| - | " Konfiguration für Syntax Highlighting => HTML | ||
| - | let use_xhtml = 1 | ||
| - | let html_number_lines = 1 | ||
| - | let html_use_css = 1</code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | ===== logrotate ===== | ||
| - | Meine Logfiles werden mit //logrotate// wöchentlich gesichert und zwar in das Verzeichnis eines hierfür angelegten FTP-Benutzers. So kann ich die Logs regelmäßig auf meinem Heim-PC sichern. | ||
| - | Eine Konfigurationsdatei für logrotate für die Systemmeldungen sieht z.B. so aus: | ||
| - | <code ini> | ||
| - | /var/log/syslog | ||
| - | /var/log/messages { | ||
| - | olddir /home/ftp/backup/logs/syslog | ||
| - | weekly | ||
| - | missingok | ||
| - | rotate 52 | ||
| - | compress | ||
| - | delaycompress | ||
| - | notifempty | ||
| - | create 700 ftpuser ftpusers | ||
| - | sharedscripts | ||
| - | } | ||
| - | </code> | ||
linux/grundkonfiguration.txt · Zuletzt geändert: 2014-04-05 11:42 (Externe Bearbeitung)
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