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--- linux:grundkonfiguration [2007-07-29 10:34]
stefan angelegt
+++ linux:grundkonfiguration [2014-04-05 11:42] (aktuell)
@@ Zeile 1: / Zeile 1: @@
-====== Postfix mit MySQL-Unterstützung ======
+====== Grundkonfiguration des Systems ======
-  * Pakete installieren (MySQL und Postfix)
+===== Verschiedenes =====
-    * <code bash>apt-get install mysql-client-5.0 mysql-server-5.0
+  * Alle Pakete updaten
-apt-get install postfix postfix-mysql postfix-tls sasl2-bin libsasl2 libsasl2-modules courier-maildrop courier-authdaemon courier-authlib-mysql</code>
+    * <code bash>apt-get update
-  * Benutzer und Gruppe ''vmail'' anlegen (UID/GID 1500)
+apt-get -u -o APT::Force-LoopBreak=true upgrade</code>
-    * Home-Verzeichnis erstellen: <code bash>mkdir /home/vmail
+  * ''~/bin'' anlegen für eigene Scripts
-chown vmail.vmail /home/vmail
+  * Nützliche Pakete
-chmod 0700 /home/vmail</code>
+    * <code bash>apt-get install bzip2 unzip less patch traceroute ssh vim locate dnsutils host telnet lynx wget make</code>
-  * repair_postfix
+  * Zeiten für automatische Scripts in ''/etc/crontab'' anpassen
-  * chmod u+s maildrop
-  * maildrop script anlegen maildroprc
-  * /etc/courier
-  * chown vmail maildrop.log
-  * apt-get install courier-pop courier-pop-ssl courier-imap courier-imap-ssl
-  * repair_smtp beim systemstart
-===== Konfigurationsdateien =====
+===== Tipps =====
-  * main.cf durchgehen
+  * If you just typed in a really long, complicated command and managed to mess it up, you can use fc (fix command) to load said command in your default editor.
+  * Ctrl + A – jump to the beginning of the line
+  * Ctrl + E – jump to the end of the line
+  * Ctrl + U – clear the line
+  * Ctrl + L – clear the screen
+  * Ctrl + W – delete last word
+  * Ctrl + K – delete to the end of the line
+  * Alt + T – swap current word with previous (also Esc, T)
+  * Alt + F – jump one word forward (also Esc, F)
+  * Alt + B – jump one word backward (also Esc, B)
+  * Alt + U – uppercase till the end of line (also Esc, U)
+  * Alt + u – lowercase till the end of line (also Esc, u)
+  * Alt +. – insert last argument (also Esc, .)
+  * Ctrl + R – reverse incremental history search
+  * Ctrl + X, Ctrl + E – open default text editor to edit a command
+===== ~/.bashrc =====
+<code bash>export PS1='\u:\w\$ '                 # Prompt anpassen
+export PATH=${PATH}:~/bin             # eigene Scripts in den PATH
-===== Datenbanktabellen =====
+umask 022
-<code sql>CREATE TABLE `domains` (
-  `domain` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
-  PRIMARY KEY  (`domain`)
-) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `forwardings`;
+export LS_OPTIONS='--color=auto'      # 'ls' Ausgabe farbig machen
-CREATE TABLE `forwardings` (
+eval "`dircolors`"
-  `source` varchar(80) NOT NULL,
+alias ls='ls $LS_OPTIONS'
-  `destination` text NOT NULL,
+alias ll='ls $LS_OPTIONS -l'
-  PRIMARY KEY  (`source`)
+alias l='ls $LS_OPTIONS -lA'
-) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-CREATE TABLE `users` (
+alias vi='vim'                        # immer vim nutzen
-  `email` varchar(80) NOT NULL,
+alias cdsrc='cd /usr/local/src'
-  `password` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
-  PRIMARY KEY  (`email`)
-) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-GRANT all privileges on mail.* TO mail@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
+bash -c "echo -ne '\033]0;`hostname`\007'" # send hostname to PuTTY
-GRANT all privileges on mail.* TO mail@127.0.0.1 IDENTIFIED BY 'password';</code>
+# save all the histories
+export HISTFILESIZE = 1000000
+export HISTSIZE = 1000000
+# don't put duplicate lines or empty spaces in the history
+export HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth
+# combine multiline commands in history
+shopt -s cmdhist
+# merge session histories
+shopt -s histappend
+# enable colors
+eval "`dircolors -b`"
+# force ls to always use color and type indicators
+alias ls ='ls -hF --color=auto'
+# make the dir command work kinda like in windows (long format)
+alias dir ='ls --color=auto --format =long'
+# make grep highlight results using color
+export GREP_OPTIONS ='--color=auto'
+# colorful man pages
+export LESS_TERMCAP_mb=$'\E[01;31m'
+export LESS_TERMCAP_md=$'\E[01;31m'
+export LESS_TERMCAP_me=$'\E[0m'
+export LESS_TERMCAP_se=$'\E[0m'
+# end the info box
+export LESS_TERMCAP_so=$'\E[01;42;30m'
+# begin the info box
+export LESS_TERMCAP_ue=$'\E[0m'
+export LESS_TERMCAP_us =$'\E[01;32m'
+# use colordiff instead of diff if available
+command -v colordiff >/dev/null 2 >&1 && alias diff="colordiff -u"
+# use htop instead of top if installed
+command -v htop >/dev/null 2 >&1 && alias top=htop
+</code>
+===== Vim =====
+==== ~/.vimrc ====
+<code>set wrap
+set tabstop=4
+set shiftwidth=4
+set expandtab
+set autoindent
+set wildchar=<Tab>
+set nonumber
+set foldmethod=marker
+set hidden
+set wmh=0
+filetype on</code>
+==== /etc/vim/vimrc ====
+<code>" This line should not be removed as it ensures that various options are
+" properly set to work with the Vim-related packages available in Debian.
+runtime! debian.vim
+syntax on
+set autoindent         " always set autoindenting on
+set textwidth=0        " Don't wrap words by default
+set nobackup           " Don't keep a backup file
+set viminfo='20,\"50   " read/write a .viminfo file, don't store more than 50 lines of registers
+set history=50         " keep 50 lines of command line history
+set ruler              " show the cursor position all the time
+set nopaste
+set pastetoggle=<F2>
+" Suffixes that get lower priority when doing tab completion for filenames.
+" These are files we are not likely to want to edit or read.
+set suffixes=.bak,~,.swp,.o,.info,.aux,.log,.dvi,.bbl,.blg,.brf,.cb,.ind,.idx,.ilg,.inx,.out,.toc
+" If using a dark background within the editing area and syntax highlighting
+" turn on this option as well
+set background=dark
+" Uncomment the following to have Vim jump to the last position when
+" reopening a file
+if has("autocmd")
+  au BufReadPost * if line("'\"") > 0 && line("'\"") <= line("$")
+    \| exe "normal g'\"" | endif
+endif
+" Uncomment the following to have Vim load indentation rules according to the
+" detected filetype. Per default Debian Vim only load filetype specific
+" plugins.
+if has("autocmd")
+  filetype plugin on
+  filetype indent on
+endif
+" The following are commented out as they cause vim to behave a lot
+" differently from regular Vi. They are highly recommended though.
+set showcmd         " Show (partial) command in status line.
+set showmatch       " Show matching brackets.
+set ignorecase      " Do case insensitive matching
+"set smartcase      " Do smart case matching
+set incsearch       " Incremental search
+set autowrite       " Automatically save before commands like :next and :make
+"set hidden         " Hide buffers when they are abandoned
+"set mouse=a        " Enable mouse usage (all modes) in terminals
+set hlsearch
+" Konfiguration für Syntax Highlighting => HTML
+let use_xhtml = 1
+let html_number_lines = 1
+let html_use_css = 1</code>
+===== logrotate =====
+Meine Logfiles werden mit //logrotate// wöchentlich gesichert und zwar in das Verzeichnis eines hierfür angelegten FTP-Benutzers. So kann ich die Logs regelmäßig auf meinem Heim-PC sichern.
+Eine Konfigurationsdatei für logrotate für die Systemmeldungen sieht z.B. so aus:
+<code ini>
+/var/log/syslog
+/var/log/messages {
+        olddir /home/ftp/backup/logs/syslog
+        weekly
+        missingok
+        rotate 52
+        compress
+        delaycompress
+        notifempty
+        create 700 ftpuser ftpusers
+        sharedscripts
+}
+</code>

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