====== Grundkonfiguration des Systems ======
===== Verschiedenes =====
* Alle Pakete updaten
* apt-get update
apt-get -u -o APT::Force-LoopBreak=true upgrade
* ''~/bin'' anlegen für eigene Scripts
* Nützliche Pakete
* apt-get install bzip2 unzip less patch traceroute ssh vim locate dnsutils host telnet lynx wget make
* Zeiten für automatische Scripts in ''/etc/crontab'' anpassen
===== Tipps =====
* If you just typed in a really long, complicated command and managed to mess it up, you can use fc (fix command) to load said command in your default editor.
* Ctrl + A – jump to the beginning of the line
* Ctrl + E – jump to the end of the line
* Ctrl + U – clear the line
* Ctrl + L – clear the screen
* Ctrl + W – delete last word
* Ctrl + K – delete to the end of the line
* Alt + T – swap current word with previous (also Esc, T)
* Alt + F – jump one word forward (also Esc, F)
* Alt + B – jump one word backward (also Esc, B)
* Alt + U – uppercase till the end of line (also Esc, U)
* Alt + u – lowercase till the end of line (also Esc, u)
* Alt +. – insert last argument (also Esc, .)
* Ctrl + R – reverse incremental history search
* Ctrl + X, Ctrl + E – open default text editor to edit a command
===== ~/.bashrc =====
export PS1='\u:\w\$ ' # Prompt anpassen
export PATH=${PATH}:~/bin # eigene Scripts in den PATH
umask 022
export LS_OPTIONS='--color=auto' # 'ls' Ausgabe farbig machen
eval "`dircolors`"
alias ls='ls $LS_OPTIONS'
alias ll='ls $LS_OPTIONS -l'
alias l='ls $LS_OPTIONS -lA'
alias vi='vim' # immer vim nutzen
alias cdsrc='cd /usr/local/src'
bash -c "echo -ne '\033]0;`hostname`\007'" # send hostname to PuTTY
# save all the histories
export HISTFILESIZE = 1000000
export HISTSIZE = 1000000
# don't put duplicate lines or empty spaces in the history
export HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth
# combine multiline commands in history
shopt -s cmdhist
# merge session histories
shopt -s histappend
# enable colors
eval "`dircolors -b`"
# force ls to always use color and type indicators
alias ls ='ls -hF --color=auto'
# make the dir command work kinda like in windows (long format)
alias dir ='ls --color=auto --format =long'
# make grep highlight results using color
export GREP_OPTIONS ='--color=auto'
# colorful man pages
export LESS_TERMCAP_mb=$'\E[01;31m'
export LESS_TERMCAP_md=$'\E[01;31m'
export LESS_TERMCAP_me=$'\E[0m'
export LESS_TERMCAP_se=$'\E[0m'
# end the info box
export LESS_TERMCAP_so=$'\E[01;42;30m'
# begin the info box
export LESS_TERMCAP_ue=$'\E[0m'
export LESS_TERMCAP_us =$'\E[01;32m'
# use colordiff instead of diff if available
command -v colordiff >/dev/null 2 >&1 && alias diff="colordiff -u"
# use htop instead of top if installed
command -v htop >/dev/null 2 >&1 && alias top=htop
===== Vim =====
==== ~/.vimrc ====
set wrap
set tabstop=4
set shiftwidth=4
set expandtab
set autoindent
set wildchar=
set nonumber
set foldmethod=marker
set hidden
set wmh=0
filetype on
==== /etc/vim/vimrc ====
" This line should not be removed as it ensures that various options are
" properly set to work with the Vim-related packages available in Debian.
runtime! debian.vim
syntax on
set autoindent " always set autoindenting on
set textwidth=0 " Don't wrap words by default
set nobackup " Don't keep a backup file
set viminfo='20,\"50 " read/write a .viminfo file, don't store more than 50 lines of registers
set history=50 " keep 50 lines of command line history
set ruler " show the cursor position all the time
set nopaste
set pastetoggle=
" Suffixes that get lower priority when doing tab completion for filenames.
" These are files we are not likely to want to edit or read.
set suffixes=.bak,~,.swp,.o,.info,.aux,.log,.dvi,.bbl,.blg,.brf,.cb,.ind,.idx,.ilg,.inx,.out,.toc
" If using a dark background within the editing area and syntax highlighting
" turn on this option as well
set background=dark
" Uncomment the following to have Vim jump to the last position when
" reopening a file
if has("autocmd")
au BufReadPost * if line("'\"") > 0 && line("'\"") <= line("$")
\| exe "normal g'\"" | endif
endif
" Uncomment the following to have Vim load indentation rules according to the
" detected filetype. Per default Debian Vim only load filetype specific
" plugins.
if has("autocmd")
filetype plugin on
filetype indent on
endif
" The following are commented out as they cause vim to behave a lot
" differently from regular Vi. They are highly recommended though.
set showcmd " Show (partial) command in status line.
set showmatch " Show matching brackets.
set ignorecase " Do case insensitive matching
"set smartcase " Do smart case matching
set incsearch " Incremental search
set autowrite " Automatically save before commands like :next and :make
"set hidden " Hide buffers when they are abandoned
"set mouse=a " Enable mouse usage (all modes) in terminals
set hlsearch
" Konfiguration für Syntax Highlighting => HTML
let use_xhtml = 1
let html_number_lines = 1
let html_use_css = 1
===== logrotate =====
Meine Logfiles werden mit //logrotate// wöchentlich gesichert und zwar in das Verzeichnis eines hierfür angelegten FTP-Benutzers. So kann ich die Logs regelmäßig auf meinem Heim-PC sichern.
Eine Konfigurationsdatei für logrotate für die Systemmeldungen sieht z.B. so aus:
/var/log/syslog
/var/log/messages {
olddir /home/ftp/backup/logs/syslog
weekly
missingok
rotate 52
compress
delaycompress
notifempty
create 700 ftpuser ftpusers
sharedscripts
}